Steam-boiler.



Patnted Sept. 18, I900.

J. J. CAIN.

STEAM-BOILER.

(Application filed Nov. 20, 1899.)

-3 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

INVENTOR 1 3% BY W WHNESSESZ ATTURNEY Patented Sept. 18, I900.

J. J. CAIN. STEAM BOILER.

'Application filed Nov. 20, 1899.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

INVENTOR WITNESSES:

ATTOR N EY mans co. noTo-umu, WASNINGTON, n. c.

No. 657,912. Patented Sept. l8, l900. J. J. GAIN.

STEAM BOILER. (Application filed km 20, 1899.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets8h0efs.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR ATTORNEY Urrnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN J. CAIN, OF BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY.

STEAM-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 657,912, dated September18, 1900. Application filed November 20. 1899. Serial No. 737,547. (Nomodel.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Beit known that I, JOHN J. GAIN, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of Bayonne, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey,have invented certain new and useful Improvements" in Steam-Boilers, ofwhich the following is a specification.

Tubular steam-boilers, the class of boilers to which this inventionrelates, have as an offset to the many advantages of their constructionthe disadvantage of the liability of the lower tubes burning out byreason of their close proximity to the furnace and consequent rapidproduction of steam in them, which is supposed to prevent a perfectsupply of water to and constant flow through these tubes.

This invention has for its object to remove this objection and also toadd to the efficiency and steaming capacity and to generally improve theconstruction of this class of boilers.

The essential and main feature of this invention is the application totubular boilers, comprising tubes connected in series or sections toheaders, of a drum or drums arranged in the general direction with thetubes, located beneath the tubes, so as to receive the direct heat ofcombustion of the fuel in the furnace and the initial heating effects ofthe flames, said drum or drums being connected at its or their ends tothe lower parts of the headers and preferably having the feed-watersupplied to it. By thus shielding the tubes from the intense heat of thefurnace by the drum or drums located beneath them, which present aconsiderable mass or masses of water to the action of the direct heat ofthe furnace, all danger of the bankingof the water in the tubes andtheir consequent rapid destruction is avoided, the connections betweenlhe drum or drums and the tubes being such that a perfect circulation ofthe water through the tubes is assured and provisions had for the freeescape of the steam as fast as generated.

The invention also comprises the application of a steam orsteam-and-water drum located above the tubes, preferably arrangedtransversely to the tubes above one set of the headers and corner-boxesat one end of the boiler, to which headers the drum is connected bysuitable pipe connections and also to the upper end of the corner boxesor chambers at this end of the boiler, said drum also being incommunication, by means of pipe connections, with the upper ends of theother set of headers and the corner boxes or chamshown as consisting ofthe front corner rectangular boxes or chambers a a, the rear cornerrectangular boxes or chambers Z) Z), the longitudinal boxes 0 0,connecting the front and rear corner-boxes together at their lower partsby suitable nipples, and the tubes d d, arranged above the boxes 0 c andconnecting together the upper parts of the corner-boxes. These boxes 0 cand tubes (1 d are joined to the corner-boxes a a and b b at rightangles thereto, and the corner-boxes are shown erected slightly out ofthe vertical, and the side boxes 0 c and tubes (1 d are thus caused tolie in inclined positions to facilitate the flow of water through andescape of steam from them.

The furnace-grate e and its back wall and front fixings are made andarranged in the ordinary manner.

The drum f is located above the furnacegrate, arranged longitudinallythereto, and is supported by the saddle-brackets g g, which are securedto and extend from the inner sides of the corner-boxes a a and Z) Z),said drum being firmly connected to one pair of the brackets at one endof the boiler and merely held and controlled at its other end by theother pair of brackets at the other end of the boiler, thus allowing forthe free expansion and contraction of the drum and the side wallswithout interference between them. This drum may advantageously be madeconical in form, so that it may be arranged, as shown, with its lowerside about parallel with the furnace-grate and its upper side at aconsiderable angle to the horizontal, thus providing for the free escapeof steam therefrom and placing its upper side about parallel to thetubes, which are arranged above it. It is proposed to supply thefeed-water to thisdrum by means of the pipe h, which enters it at one ofits ends and supplies the water to it at about its central part." Thedrum will thus be fully charged with water and having a comparatively-large capacity the direct heat from the furnace will act on alarge mass of water and the metal of the boiler directly un' der theinfluence of the intense heat of the furnace will be always covered withwater. Another advantage due to the use of a drum of this character inconjunction with a tubular boiler is that all, or practically all,deposits from the water will occurin the drum and the formation of scalein the tubes will be avoided, thus insuring to the boiler constant fullsteaming capacity. Manholes i 1 at the ends of the drums provide for theeasy removal of all deposits and scale from the boiler. As ordinarily,hand-holes will be provided opposite the ends of the tubes; but thecleaning of the tubes, which with tubular boilers as now made is offrequent necessity, will in this construction in boiler be obviated ornecessity for the same greatly reduced.

The tubes are in sections, connected to the headers 7010 and Z Z, whichare preferably rectangular in form, and for facility of manufacture thetubes are placed and joined at right angles to the headers. The lowerends of the headers k at the front of the boiler are placed incommunication with the upper part of the small end of the conical drum fby means of the nipples m. m, and the lower ends of the headers Z l atthe rear of the boiler are placed in communication with the large. endof the drum by means of the nipples an, the tubesjj being thus arrangedparallel to the upper part of the drum and the headers 76 and lat rightangles thereto, the lower ends of which are angular-1y formed toproperly receive the nipples, as shown at Fig. 1. A steam orsteam-and-water drum 0 is located above the front headers It; It andover the tops of the front corner-boxes a a, the same being connected toeach of the headers 10 k by suitable nipples and to the upper ends ofthe corner-boxes a a by the saddle-pieces p p. This drum 0 is also incommunication with the upper ends of the rear headersl and the upperends of the rear corner-boxes b b by means of the pipes q and 1",respectively. By this construction and arrangement of parts it will beseen that provisions are had for the perfect circulation of Water andfull steaming capacity and the liability of delays due to the burningout of the tubes of tubular steam-boilers avoided and that theinclination given to the corner-boxes and the headers admits of allright-angle pipe connections being made in a structure occupying theleast possible space.

To insurea perfect and uniform circulation of the products of combustionaround and over the drum f and tubes j j, baffle-plates and walls 3 s ofordinary construction may be arranged, as shown, said productsultimately leaving the boiler by the stack or pipe if. The boiler isalso provided with the ordinary casingu, firedoors, ashpit doors, 850.

In combining two boilers having the fea:

tures of this invention the plan shown at Fig. 3 will be adopted,central, front, and rear boxes or chambers corresponding to thecorner-boxes of individual boilers being common to the two boilers, thelower rectangular boxes 0 a being omitted from said central standardboxes, but the side tubes cl d retained, forming a dividing-wall betweenthe drums ff, the sections of the tubes jj of the two boilers, and theupper part of the furnace. The gratefurnace eis proposed to be extendedfrom one side of the combined boilers to the other, being a continuousgrate-surface beneath the two drums ff and the tubes jj above the drums.One steam-drum 0 may in such a construction be used, extending overandconnected to the front headers and the corner and central boxes orchambers of the two boilers and connected 'to the rear headers andcorner and central boxes or chambers in the same manner as heretoforedescribed in the single boiler.

While the corner-boxes and headers are shown arranged in inclinedposition, itis evident that, if thought desirable, they may bevertically arranged. Pans it may be advantageously located in thewater-drum f, beneath the discharge-opening of the feed-water pipe h, inwhich will be collected most of the muddy deposits from the water andwhich will tend to distribute the cold water throughout the interior ofthe drum.

I claim as my invention- 1. In a steam -boiler comprising agratefurnace, series of tubes, and headers to which the tubes areconnected, the combination therewith, of a drum located beneath andarranged in the same direction as the tubes and in the furnace andwholly above the grate, so as to receive the direct heat of combustionof the fuel; and'connections between the ends of the drum and theheaders.

2. In a steam-boiler comprising a gratefurnace, series of tubes arrangedin inclined position, and headers, to which the tubes are connected, thecombination therewith of a drum located and in the furnace wholly abovethe grate and beneath the tubes and arranged with its upper sideparallel with and in the same direction as the tubes, so as to receivethe direct heat of combustion of the fuel; and connections between theends of the drum and the headers.

3. In a steam-boiler comprising a series of inclined tubes, and headersto which the tubes are connected and arranged at right angles to thetubes, the combination therewith of a conical drum, located beneath andarranged in the same direction as the tubes,

so as to receive the direct heat of combustion of the fuel, the largeend of the drum being beneath the upper ends of the inclined tubes; andconnections between the ends of the drum and the headers.

4. In a steam -boiler comprising a gratefurnace, series of tubes, andheaders to which the tubes are connected, the combination therewith, ofa drum located beneath and arranged in the same direction as the tubes,so as to receive the direct heat of combustion of the fuel; connectionsbetween the ends of the drum and the headers; and a Water-supply pipearranged to feed Water to the central part of the drum.

5. In a steam-boiler comprising a gratefurnace, series of tubes, andheaders to which the tubes are connected, the combination therewith, ofa drum located beneath and arranged in the same direction as the tubes,so as to receive the direct heat of combustion of the fuel;connectionsbetween the ends of the drum and the headers; a steam-drumlocated transversely to the tubes, and above the headers at one end ofthe boiler to which said drum is connected; and pipe connections betweenthe upper ends of the headers at the other end of the boiler and thesteam-drum.

G. In a steam-boiler comprising a series of inclined tubes, agrate-furnace, and headers to which the tubes are connected and arrangedat right angles to the tubes, the combin at ion therewith, of a conicaldrum, located beneath and arranged in the same direction as the tubes,so as to receive the direct heat of combustion of the fuel, the largeend of the drum being beneath the upper ends of the inclined tubes;connections between the upper sides of the ends of the drum and thelower ends of the headers; a steam-drum located transversely to thetubes and connected to the upper ends of the headers of the lower endsof the tubes; and pipe connections between the upper ends of the headersof the upper ends of the tubes and the steam-drum.

7. In asteam-boilercomprising corner boxes or chambers, connectionsbetween the front and rear corner-boxes, a grate-furnace, series oftubes, and headers to which the tubes are connected, the combinationtherewith, of a drum located beneath and arranged in the same directionas the tubes; connections between the ends of the drum and the headers;and saddle-brackets secured to the cornerboxes, and by means of whichthe drum is held and supported.

8. In a steam-boiler comprising corner boxes or chambers, connectionsbetween the front and rear corner-boxes, a grate-furnace, series oftubes, and headers to which the tubes are connected, the combinationtherewith, of a drum located beneath and arranged in the same directionas the tubes; connections between the ends of the drum and the headers;saddle-brackets secured to the sides of the boxes and by means of whichthe drum is held and supported; a steam-drum located transversely to thetubes above the headers and front corner-boxes at one end of the boiler,and connect-ed to said headers and corner-boxes; and pipe connectionsbetween the upper ends of the headers and cornerboxes at the other endof the boiler and the steam-drum.

9. In a steam-boilercomprising corner boxes or chambers connectionsbetween the front and rear corner-boxes, a grate-furnace, series ofinclined tubes, and headers to which the tubes are connected andarranged at right angles to the tubes, the combination therewith, of aconical drum located beneath and arranged in the same direction as thetubes so as to receive the direct heat of combustion of the fuel, thelarge end of the drum being beneath the upper ends of the inclinedtubes, connections between the ends of the drum and the headers; andsaddlebrackets secured to the sides of the corner-boxes, and by means ofwhich the drum is held and supported.

10. In a steam-boiler comprising corner boxes or chambers, connectionsbetween the front and rear corner-boxes, a grate-furnace, series oftubes, and headers to which the tubes are connected and arranged atright angles to the tubes, the combination therewith, of a conical drum,located beneath and arranged in the same direction as the tubes, so asto receive the direct heat of combustion of the fuel, the large end ofthe drum being beneath the upper ends of the inclined tubes; connectionsbetween the upper sides of the ends of the drum and the lower ends ofthe headers; saddle-brackets secured to the corner-boxes and by means ofwhich the drum is held and supported; a steam-drum located transverselyto the tubes and connected to the upper ends of the headers of the lowerends of the inclined tubes and the upperends of the front corner-boxes;and pipe connections between the upper ends of the headers, of the upperends of the tubes, and of the upper ends of the rear corner-boxes andthe steam-drum.

Signed at Bayonne, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, this14th day of November, A. D. 1899.

JOHN J. CAIN.

Witnesses:

HORACE RoBERsoN, JAMES T. BoYLAN.

